BREATH TAKING OCEANS ON EARTH : Grasshopper

Sakshi Nagar 08-06-2023 02:02 PM Around The World

We live on the planet which we call Mother Earth. Our earth is made of land and water. When we look at the globe, the blue area represents water. Water covers about 70 percent of the total surface of the earth. We have divided 30 percent of the planet into large land masses, which we call continents. Continents made us pay attention to the water bodies of the earth, about 70% of the earth's surface is covered with water, and these large water bodies are known as oceans. Ocean is a vast water body of salty water, which we call Ocean in English. Since all the water bodies are connected, the earth as a planet can be called a global ocean. According to the world's countries, this one global ocean is divided into five oceans based on different geographical regions. There are a total of five oceans on the earth, let’s get to know about all of them.

1. INDIAN OCEAN

The Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean in the world among the five oceans of the world. The Indian Ocean is spread over 7% of the earth. This ocean was born about 730 million years ago. The water of the Indian Ocean is considered warmer than other oceans. Sometimes- Sometimes the water of this ocean reaches 36 degrees Celsius. The total area of the Indian Ocean is 7 crore 5 lakh 60 thousand km. The width of the Indian Ocean is about 10,000 kilometers, which includes the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The depth of the Indian Ocean is 8047 meters. There are thousands of islands in the Indian Ocean, the largest of which are Sri Lanka and Madagascar. The flow of water in the Indian Ocean is twice a year. The time changes, due to the monsoon winds in summer, the water flows towards India and in winter it starts flowing towards Africa.

2. PACIFIC OCEAN

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest in the world. The total area of the Pacific Ocean is 16 crore 52 lakh 46 thousand square kilometers. Its area is 6,36,34,000 square miles, which is more than twice the size of the Atlantic Ocean. It is 9,455 miles wide from the Philippines coast to Panama and 10,492 miles long from the Bering Strait to South Antarctica. Its northern edge is only connected to the Arctic Sea by the 36-mile Bering Strait. Due to its spread over such a large area, there is a significant difference in the living conditions of the inhabitants, vegetation, animals, and humans compared to the seas of other parts of the earth. The average depth of the Pacific Ocean is about 14,000 feet and the maximum depth is about 35,400 feet, then between Guam and Mindanao. This ocean is a companion of the Atlantic Ocean.

3. ATLANTIC OCEAN

The Atlantic Ocean or the 'Dark Ocean' is the vast body of water that separates the continent of Europe and Africa from the continents of the New World. The size of this ocean is almost similar to the English number '8'. Its width is very less as compared to its length. The Arctic Ocean, which extends from the Bering Strait through the North Pole to Spitsbergen and Greenland, is largely a part of the Black Ocean. Thus, its length from the Bering Strait in the north to Cotsland in the south is 12,810 miles. Similarly, the 'Vaddle Sea' located in the south of South Georgia is also a part of this ocean. Its area is 4,10,81,040 square miles. Its area excluding the internal seas is 3,18,14,640 square miles. Despite not being the largest ocean, the world's largest water flow area comes under the Atlantic Ocean.

4. ARCTIC OCEAN

The North Polar Ocean or 'Arctic Ocean' is located in the northern hemisphere of the Earth. Its expansion is mostly in the Arctic north polar region. It is the smallest and shallowest of the five major marine divisions of the world i.e., the five oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) accepts it as an ocean, while some oceanographers refer to it as the 'Arctic Mediterranean Sea' or simply the 'Arctic Sea'. Scientists consider the Arctic to be one of the Mediterranean Seas of the 'Dark Ocean'. Eurasia and North America almost completely surround this ocean. The Arctic Ocean is partially covered by sea ice throughout the year and is almost entirely covered by ice in winter. The ocean's temperature and salinity vary seasonally as its ice melts and freezes.

5. SOUTHERN ANTARCTIC OCEAN

Many icebergs float in the South Polar Ocean or 'The Antarctic Ocean'. This ocean is spread around the continent of Antarctica. According to some geographers, it is not an independent ocean but only the southern extension of the 'Dark Ocean' (Atlantic), Pacific, and Indian Ocean. The depth of the Antarctic Ocean is 600 miles (about 960 km) near Cape Horn and 2,400 miles near Cape Amulhas, south of Africa. Many large-sized floating 'icebergs' keep floating in this ocean. Some icebergs also go to the nearby other oceans while swimming. Marine explorers have also seen many such floating icebergs in this sea, whose area was more than one hundred square miles. The thickness of some of these icebergs was more than a thousand feet. The average temperature of the water of the Antarctic Ocean at the surface is 29.8°F and at the bottom, it ranges from 32° to 35°F.